Meckel's Diverticulum: A Case Report of a Pediatric Patient with Hemorrhagic Presentation

Abstract

Introduction: Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract, originating from the incomplete obliteration of the omphalomesenteric duct. Although often asymptomatic, its complications, particularly hemorrhage, pose a significant diagnostic challenge.

Case Report: We present the case of a 4-year-old male who was admitted to the emergency department with generalized abdominal pain. Initial labs and an ultrasound were suggestive of appendicitis. However, a follow-up exam revealed a drop in hemoglobin, prompting an exploratory laparotomy. The surgery identified a bleeding Meckel's diverticulum, which was resected. The patient experienced hemorrhagic shock requiring blood transfusions but had an excellent postoperative recovery.

Discussion: This case highlights the clinical variability of Meckel's diverticulum, which can mimic common abdominal pathologies like appendicitis, leading to a delay in diagnosis and severe complications. The presence of ectopic gastric tissue, a frequent feature, is a key factor in the pathogenesis of hemorrhage.

Conclusion: High clinical suspicion is crucial for a timely diagnosis. The definitive treatment for symptomatic Meckel's diverticulum is surgical, and a positive prognosis is common with appropriate management. Continued medical education is vital to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.